Spain, authoritatively the Kingdom of Spain is an European nation situated in Southwestern Europe with certain pockets of A spanish area over the Strait of Gibraltar and the Atlantic Ocean. Its mainland European region is arranged on the Iberian Peninsula. Its domain likewise incorporates two archipelagoes: the Canary Islands off the shore of Africa, and the Balearic Islands in the Mediterranean Sea. The African enclaves of Ceuta, Melilla, and Peñón de Vélez de la Gomera make Spain the main European nation to have a physical fringe with an African nation (Morocco). A few little islands in the Alboran Sea are likewise part of A spanish area. The nation's terrain is circumscribed toward the south and east by the Mediterranean Sea aside from a little land limit with Gibraltar; toward the north and upper east by France, Andorra, and the Bay of Biscay; and toward the west and northwest by Portugal and the Atlantic Ocean.

With a territory of 505,990 km2, Spain is the biggest nation in Southern Europe, the second biggest nation in Western Europe and the European Union, and the fourth biggest nation in the European landmass. By populace (around 47 million), Spain is the 6th biggest in Europe and the fifth in the European Union. Spain's capital and biggest city is Madrid; other major urban zones incorporate Barcelona, Valencia, Seville, Málaga and Bilbao.

Current people previously landed in the Iberian Peninsula around 35,000 years prior. Iberian societies alongside old Phoenician, Greek, Celtic and Carthaginian settlements created on the landmass until it went under Roman standard around 200 BCE, after which the district was named Hispania, in light of the prior Phoenician name Sp(a)n or Spania. Toward the finish of the Western Roman Empire the Germanic inborn confederations relocated from Central Europe, attacked the Iberian landmass and built up moderately free domains in its western areas, including the Suebi, Alans and Vandals. In the end, the Visigoths would persuasively incorporate all staying free regions in the promontory, including Byzantine areas, into the Kingdom of Toledo, which pretty much bound together strategically, religiously and lawfully all the previous Roman territories or successor realms of what was then recorded as Hispania.

In the mid eighth century the Visigothic Kingdom tumbled to the Muslims of the Umayyad Islamic Caliphate, who landed to lead the vast majority of the promontory in the year 711, leaving just a bunch of little Christian domains in the north and enduring as long as eight centuries in the Kingdom of Granada. This prompted numerous wars during a long reconquering period over the Iberian Peninsula, which prompted the formation of Kingdom of León, Kingdom of Castile, Kingdom of Aragon and Kingdom of Navarre as the fundamental Christian realms to confront the attack. Following the foundation of Al-Andalus, Europeans started a slow procedure of retaking the district known as the Reconquista, which by the late fifteenth century finished in the development of Spain as a brought together nation under the Catholic Monarchs. The finish of Muslim standard in Spain happened in 1492, that year Christopher Columbus landed in the New World.

In the baron current period, Spain managed probably the biggest realm in history which was likewise one of the primary worldwide domains, leaving a huge social and semantic inheritance that incorporates +570 million Hispanophones, making Spanish the world's second-most communicated in local language, after Mandarin Chinese. During the Golden Age there were likewise numerous progressions in expressions of the human experience, with world-well known painters, for example, Diego Velázquez. The most well known Spanish scholarly work, Don Quixote, was likewise distributed during the Golden Age. Spain has the world's third-biggest number of UNESCO World Heritage Sites.

Spain is a common parliamentary vote based system and a parliamentary government, with King Felipe VI as head of state. It is a significant created nation and a high pay nation, with the world's fourteenth biggest economy by ostensible GDP and sixteenth biggest by obtaining power equality. It is an individual from the United Nations (UN), the European Union (EU), the Eurozone, the Council of Europe (CoE), the Organization of Ibero-American States (OEI), the Union for the Mediterranean, the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), the Organization for Economic Co-activity and Development (OECD), Organization for Security and Co-activity in Europe (OSCE), the Schengen Area, the World Trade Organization (WTO) and numerous other universal associations. While not an official part, Spain has a "Lasting Invitation" to the G20 summits, partaking in each summit, which makes Spain a true individual from the gathering.